Jeff R Smith asked:




Simply put, an intranet application is a small internal website running within a secured business environment. Intranet is basically a network of computers in an organization that is used for sharing of data among the employees. An intranet application is also sometimes referred to as corporate portal or private business network. Depending on the requirements it needs to cater to, the application can be basic in structure or exhaustive with complex interlinks and data exchanges. Stephen Lawton, a technical editor, introduced the term Intranet in 1995.

A typical intranet application works on HTML and TCP/IP, similar to internet. However, the basic difference is that the entire setup runs on LAN (Local Area Network). Intranet application development involves use of hardware with networking capabilities and software technologies that include web servers, browsers, TCP/IP, Ethernet, and WiFi systems. When the organization uses internet on the same network, the application is usually configured behind a firewall through a gateway so that unauthorized access is restricted.

Intranet applications should ideally allow the employees at levels to access required information, take decisions, and perform in an effective manner. Thus, the intranet application development cycle must be carefully planned and accomplished. Following steps can be considered when designing an intranet application.

Define objectives – set the guidelines for which the intranet is being developed and will be used, and so on. Prepare the intranet plan – chart out the structure of the intranet, hardware and software that will be used, number of users and their access rights, nature of the information available on it. Design and implement intranet application – having acquired the necessary resources complete the intranet designing, deployment, and other implementation tasks. Create awareness about the intranet – promote the intranet among the relevant users so that it is effectively used and the set objectives are fulfilled.

There are many advantages of intranet application, foremost being improved productivity and reduced costs.

Faster access to information and updates allows the employees to make quicker decisions and take actions, thus improving the overall productivity of the organization. Intranet applications facilitate accurate flow of targeted information across verticals and horizontals, which could possibly reduce number of emails floating around in an organization. Important policy documents, training materials, company knowledge documents can be maintained on the intranet application and can be accessed from a single source when required. There is no need to maintain physical copies of information or other documents and hence intranet applications prove to be cost effective solutions.

Though intranets offer many advantages, it is required that intranet application development is robust enough to handle multiple users at a time, and at that same time ensure that corporate confidentiality is maintained.

Benedict Hunter asked:




So what is computer networking? To the uninitiated this term may sound intimidating but you may have already come across it or have even used it either at work or at home. For those new to computer networking, simply put, a network refers to a system where two or more computers are connected to each other. This is done so people can share things like information or computer hardware, like a printer for instance.

Now there are several things you need to set up a computer network. The most basic system consists of a protocol, NICs or network interface cards, cable and a hub.

A protocol is a set of rules that the computers have to follow in order for them to “speak the same language”. For example, http is a protocol. If you want to be able to access a website from your computer that operates on http, the website you are accessing must also operate on the same protocol otherwise you won’ be able to read the site.

NICs are cards that you put at the back or side of a computer. This allows the computers to communicate with each other. A cable is simply a wire that connects the computers together and the hub is a device that controls traffic, for example, information that one computer sends to another.

Now this is a list of items for a standard network. You’re going to need a different set of devices if you are to go for wireless networking.

How does a computer network work? Let’s say for instance, you want to send information from your desktop to your father’s computer. The NIC on your PC transfers the file through the cable into the hub. The hub then transfers the data to your father’s computer. If each of the units uses the same protocol then the information is accepted by your dad’s computer and he will be able to open the file you just sent.

There are two types of networks: the LAN or local area network and the WAN or wide area network.

The LAN is a very simple type of network where all the units you connect are located in one place. There are two types of LAN, peer to peer and client server. A peer to peer network is where two or more computers are connected to each other directly. For example, computer 1 is connected to computer 2, computer 2 is connected to computer 3 and so on. The computers are dependent on each other so if one unit experiences problems, the others simply won’t be able to connect to each other. The client server type is where all computers are connected to a main unit. This is more convenient because if one computer has problems, the others won’t be affected. You will still be able to exchange data.

An example of a WAN is the internet. As you can see, this is a very large type of network allowing millions of users to connect with each other.

More and more people are looking to computer networking, even at home. This affords people more convenience and makes day to day life more efficient

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